Which expected outcome should be included in discharge teaching for a patient on hemodialysis?

• A. Client will avoid canned and processed foods.
• B. Client will avoid high-potassium foods.
• C. Client will drink extra fluids to prevent dehydration.
• D. Client will limit protein intake.

Answer: (A)

Discharge teaching for someone on hemodialysis focuses on controlling sodium and phosphorus to manage fluid balance, blood pressure, and bone-mineral health. Canned and processed foods are major sources of both sodium and phosphorus, so telling the patient to avoid these foods helps prevent fluid overload, edema, and phosphate retention between dialysis sessions. Drinking extra fluids is not appropriate because fluid intake typically must be limited to prevent volume overload. Protein needs on dialysis are generally not restricted; adequate protein is important to prevent malnutrition.